There's a groundbreaking new tool in town. It's called WormLab, and it's going to revolutionize the way scientists analyze the behavior of C. elegans – tiny worms used as model organisms in research studies. WormLab helps scientists analyze the locomotion and behavior of C. elegans by providing precise information and analyses about their speed, direction, position, and wavelength. The software can track multiple worms as they...
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Rats lose brain cells as they get older. But that doesn't mean they can't find their way through a water maze as quickly as their younger cohorts can. Using unbiased stereology to quantify neurons in the prefrontal cortex of young and old rats, scientists at John Hopkins University in Baltimore found the total neuron number in the dorsal prefrontal cortex (dPFC) decreases with age. But despite...
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In the period of juvenile life, between birth and adulthood, a mouse brain adds a significant number of new neurons; nearly doubling their number in some regions. Researchers at the University of California Los Angeles published their findings last week in Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience. Their findings showed that these new neurons may aid in the development of several cognitive skills. Using a transgenic mouse model...
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A rat uses its whiskers to get information about its environment. As it scurries along the subway tracks, or burrows into a dumpster, its whiskers send signals to ascending parts of its brain that let it know for example, whether it is safe to jump over that gap or not. Scientists at the Max Planck Florida Institute are studying the functional responses of neurons in the...
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Using Neurolucida, microscopy, and mice genetically engineered to express a random amount of red, yellow, and blue fluorescent proteins, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology researcher Hermina Nedelescu has created a fascinating and hypnotic movie of neurons. Nedelescu and colleagues at the Institute's Computational Neuroscience Unit used Neurolucida and its Virtual Tissue 3D Extension Module and Montaging tools to acquire and stitch together multiple images of Purkinje cells—large neurons that...
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A willowy pair of pyramidal cells engage in an intricate dance with a dense mass of basket cells on the cover of the September 14, 2011 issue of the Journal of Neuroscience. This exquisite image illustrates recent work by Columbia University researchers Dr. Adam M. Packer and Dr. Rafael Yuste, who used Neurolucida to study circuit connectivity in the mammalian neocortex. According to the paper "Successfully filled...
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Helmet, neck roll, shoulder pads, thigh pads, knee pads, mouth guard...
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No two trees are exactly alike, in the forest or in the brain. Though despite the diversity of dendritic arborizations, when it comes to branching out different types of neurons do have a couple things in common, say researchers at the National Institute for Physiological Sciences in Okazaki, Japan. Led by longtime MBF Bioscience customer Dr. Yoshiyuki Kubota, the research team identified two organizational principles common...
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Journeying along axons, microscopic powerhouses known as mitochondria provide cells with the energy they need to function. When something goes wrong with the axonal transport and mitochondria isn't delivered, the system fails, and the cell body dies. Scientists in the Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology at the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis study the cellular bases of neurological disorders. Their recent research focuses...
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To a child with autism the world is an intense place. Strangers unnerve. Surprises unsettle. To cope, the autistic child creates his own internal world. It's placid, secure, and void of extremes. Though autism is one of the most common childhood developmental disorders in existence, affecting an estimated one in 110 children, we know little about how it works. Most theories suggest a deficiency in the...
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